Apache Struts

Apache Struts is a fiercely historic, incredibly widely deployed, and highly robust platform that completely dominated the "Java MVC (Model-View-Controller)" landscape in the early 2000s. While Spring Boot has largely taken its crown for new projects, Struts remains a massive, deeply entrenched titan in the enterprise world, continuing to run millions of critical web applications globally. The absolute core superpower of Apache Struts is its "Strict MVC Architecture and Action Classes." It forces developers to strictly separate the visual web page (View) from the database logic (Model) using a central routing coordinator (Controller). Developers write simple 'Action' classes that take a user's web request, process the data, and return the correct web page. Because it was the absolute default framework for almost a decade, offering immense stability and a massive community, it is heavily maintained by global banks, healthcare institutions, and government agencies that have millions of lines of active Struts code in production.